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标题 高考英语语法讲解
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    英语语法感觉学起来有点枯燥,但是知道了英语语法的精髓就感觉好有趣,下面是小编整理的高考英语语法讲解,供大家参考!
      高考英语语法讲解一
    高考英语语法解析之宾语从句
    1.定义:用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
    2.构成:关联词+简单句。
    3.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类:
    (1)从属连词that.如:
    He told us that he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。
    I know he has returned.我知道他已经回来了。
    注: that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下,that不能省略。
    1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在and的后面时,that不能省略。)
    大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。
    2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略。)
    对他我一无所知,只知道他是南方人。
    3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(that从句位于句首时,that不可省略。)
    我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
    4.We decided,in view of his special circumstances,that we would admit him for a probationary period.(主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语,that不可省略。)
    鉴于他的特殊情况,我们决定应允他一段试用期。
    (2)从属连词if/whether.如:
    I doubt whether he will succeed.我怀疑他是否会成功。
    I don’t know if you can help me.我不知道你能否帮助我。
    (3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever
    连接副词 where,when,how,why.
    如:
    Who or what he was,Martin never learned.
    他是什么人?他是干什么的?马丁根本不知道。
    I wonder what he’s writing to me about.我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。
    I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.我会告诉你我为什么要你来。
    You may do what you will.你可做任何你想做的事。
    (1)介词宾语从句
    宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如:
    He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.
    他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
    I walked over to where she sat.我走向她坐的地方。
    I am curious as to what he will say.我很想知道他要说什么。
    Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.
    你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。
    有时介词可以省略。如:
    I don’t care (for)who marries him.我不管谁跟他结婚。
    Be careful (as to)how you do that.你要注意做这件事的方式。
    解释:
    1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。如:
    We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday.
    我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。
    He has made it clear that he will not give in.
    他已表明他不会屈服。
    2.作介词的宾语:连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语,只用在except,but,in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导,则需用it先行一步,作形式宾语。如:
    He is a good student except that he is careless.
    他是一个好学生,只是有点粗心。
    You may rely on it that I shall help you.你可以指望我会帮助你的。
    介词宾语不可以用which来引导,而要用what来引导。如:
    Are you sorry for what you’ve done?
    你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗?
    3.某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,这类形容词或过去分词有sure,glad,certain,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等,连词that可省略。如:
    I am not sure what I ought to do.
    我不能确定我该做什么。
    I’m afraid you don’t understand what I said.
    恐怕你没领会我说的意思。
    I’m surprised that I didn’t see all that before.
    我好奇怪,我以前没看到过。
    Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.
    妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。
    4.连词whether (…or not)或if引导的宾语从句
    if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用,但whether常和or not连用,if一般不与or not连用。如:
    I wonder whether it is true or not.我不知它是真是假。
    用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义,应避免使用if而用wheter.试比较:
    Please let me know if you want to go.
    Please let me know whether you want to go.
    if从句可理解为宾语从句,意为“请告诉我你是否想去”;此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话,请告诉我一声”。
    5.宾语从句的否定转移。在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句,有时谓语尽管是否定意思,却不用否定形式,而将think等动词变为否定形式。如:
    I don’t think you are right.我认为你错了。
    I don’t believe they have finished their work yet.我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。
    I don’t suppose he cares,does he? 我想他不在意,是吗?
    6.宾语从句的时态变化规律:
    (1)当主句是一般现在时态时,从句可根据需要用任何时态。
    (2)当主句是一般过去时态时,从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如:
    The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
      高考英语语法讲解二
    形容词与副词的比较级
    大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
    1)规则变化
    单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。
    一般单音节词末尾加-er,-est 如:tall taller tallest
    以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st,如:nice nicer nicest
    以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est,如:big bigger biggest
    “以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er,-est 如:busy busier busiest
    少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er,-est,如:clever/narrow cleverer/narrower cleverest/ narrowest
    其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级,如:important/easily more important/more easily most important/most easily
    2)不规则变化,例如:
    good-better-best
    well-better-best
    bad-worse-worst
    old-older/elder-oldest/eldest
    much/many-more-most
    little-less-least
    far-farther/further-farthest/furthest
    高考英语语法讲解三
    as + 形容词或副词原级 + as
    1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so…as。
    例如: He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。
    2)当as…as 中间有名词时采用以下格式:as +形容词+ a +单数名词/as + many/much +名词。
    例如: I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少纸,我也能。
    3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词作修饰语时,放在as的前面。例如:
    This room is twice as big as that one. 这房间的面积是那间的两倍。
    Your room is the same size as mine. 你的房间和我的一样大。
    4)倍数+ as + adj. + as <=> 倍数+ the … + of。例如:
    This bridge is three times as long as that one. 这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。
    This bridge is three times the length of that one.
    高考英语语法讲解
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更新时间:2025/5/22 0:13:27