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标题 java微信开发之上传下载多媒体文件
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    这篇文章主要为大家详细介绍了java微信开发之简单实现上传下载多媒体文件的相关资料，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下
    回复图片、音频、视频消息都是需要media_id的，这个是需要将多媒体文件上传到微信服务器才有的。
    上传下载多媒体文件的方法还是写到WeixinUtil.java中。
    代码如下:
    import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
    import java.io.BufferedReader;
    import java.io.DataInputStream;
    import java.io.DataOutputStream;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.FileInputStream;
    import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.io.InputStreamReader;
    import java.io.OutputStream;
    import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
    import java.net.MalformedURLException;
    import java.net.URL;
    import java.security.KeyManagementException;
    import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
    import java.security.NoSuchProviderException;
    import java.security.SecureRandom;
    import java.util.Calendar;
    import java.util.Date;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
    import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
    import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
    import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
    import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
    import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
    import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
    import com.company.project.model.menu.AccessToken;
    import com.company.project.model.menu.Menu;
    public class WeixinUtil {
     private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(WeixinUtil.class);
     public final static String APPID = "wxb927d4280e6db674";
     public final static String APP_SECRET = "21441e9f3226eee81e14380a768b6d1e";
     // 获取access_token的接口地址（GET） 限200（次/天）
     public final static String access_token_url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=APPID&secret=APPSECRET";
     // 创建菜单
     public final static String create_menu_url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN";
     // 存放：1.token，2：获取token的时间,3.过期时间
     public final static Map<String,Object> accessTokenMap = new HashMap<String,Object>();
     /**
     * 发起https请求并获取结果
     * 
     * @param requestUrl 请求地址
     * @param requestMethod 请求方式（GET、POST）
     * @param outputStr 提交的数据
     * @return JSONObject(通过JSONObject.get(key)的方式获取json对象的属性值)
     */
     public static JSONObject handleRequest(String requestUrl,String requestMethod,String outputStr) {
     JSONObject jsonObject = null;
     try {
      URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
      HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
      SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL", "SunJSSE");
      TrustManager[] tm = {new MyX509TrustManager()};
      ctx.init(null, tm, new SecureRandom());
      SSLSocketFactory sf = ctx.getSocketFactory();
      conn.setSSLSocketFactory(sf);
      conn.setDoInput(true);
      conn.setDoOutput(true);
      conn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
      conn.setUseCaches(false);
      if ("GET".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod)) {
      conn.connect();
      }
      if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(outputStr)) {
      OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
      out.write(outputStr.getBytes("utf-8"));
      out.close();
      }
      InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
      BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in,"utf-8"));
      StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
      String line = null;
      while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
      buffer.append(line);
      }
      in.close();
      conn.disconnect();
      jsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(buffer.toString());
     } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      log.error("URL错误！");
     } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
     } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
     } catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
     } catch (KeyManagementException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
     }
     return jsonObject;
     }
     /**
     * 获取access_token
     *
     * @author qincd
     * @date Nov 6, 2014 9:56:43 AM
     */
     public static AccessToken getAccessToken(String appid,String appSecret) {
     AccessToken at = new AccessToken();
     // 每次获取access_token时，先从accessTokenMap获取，如果过期了就重新从微信获取
     // 没有过期直接返回
     // 从微信获取的token的有效期为2个小时
     if (!accessTokenMap.isEmpty()) {
      Date getTokenTime = (Date) accessTokenMap.get("getTokenTime");
      Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
      c.setTime(getTokenTime);
      c.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 2);
      getTokenTime = c.getTime();
      if (getTokenTime.after(new Date())) {
      log.info("缓存中发现token未过期，直接从缓存中获取access_token");
      // token未过期，直接从缓存获取返回
      String token = (String) accessTokenMap.get("token");
      Integer expire = (Integer) accessTokenMap.get("expire");
      at.setToken(token);
      at.setExpiresIn(expire);
      return at;
      }
     }
     String requestUrl = access_token_url.replace("APPID", appid).replace("APPSECRET", appSecret);
     JSONObject object = handleRequest(requestUrl, "GET", null);
     String access_token = object.getString("access_token");
     int expires_in = object.getInt("expires_in");
     log.info("\naccess_token:" + access_token);
     log.info("\nexpires_in:" + expires_in);
     at.setToken(access_token);
     at.setExpiresIn(expires_in);
     // 每次获取access_token后，存入accessTokenMap
     // 下次获取时，如果没有过期直接从accessTokenMap取。
     accessTokenMap.put("getTokenTime", new Date());
     accessTokenMap.put("token", access_token);
     accessTokenMap.put("expire", expires_in);
     return at;
     }
     /**
     * 创建菜单
     *
     * @author qincd
     * @date Nov 6, 2014 9:56:36 AM
     */
     public static boolean createMenu(Menu menu,String accessToken) {
     String requestUrl = create_menu_url.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken);
     String menuJsonString = JSONObject.fromObject(menu).toString();
     JSONObject jsonObject = handleRequest(requestUrl, "POST", menuJsonString);
     String errorCode = jsonObject.getString("errcode");
     if (!"0".equals(errorCode)) {
      log.error(String.format("菜单创建失败！errorCode:%d,errorMsg:%s",jsonObject.getInt("errcode"),jsonObject.getString("errmsg")));
      return false;
     }
     log.info("菜单创建成功！");
     return true;
     }
     // 上传多媒体文件到微信服务器
     public static final String upload_media_url = "http://file.api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&type=TYPE";
     /**
     * 上传多媒体文件到微信服务器<br>
     * @see http://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_1029535_23824
     * @see http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/index.php?title=上传下载多媒体文件
     *
     * @author qincd
     * @date Nov 6, 2014 4:11:22 PM
     */
     public static JSONObject uploadMediaToWX(String filePath,String type,String accessToken) throws IOException{
     File file = new File(filePath);
     if (!file.exists()) {
      log.error("文件不存在！");
      return null;
     }
     String url = upload_media_url.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken).replace("TYPE", type);
     URL urlObj = new URL(url);
     HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) urlObj.openConnection();
     conn.setDoInput(true);
     conn.setDoOutput(true);
     conn.setUseCaches(false);
     conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
        // 设置边界
        String BOUNDARY = "----------" + System.currentTimeMillis();
        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary="
            + BOUNDARY);
        // 请求正文信息
        // 第一部分：
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        sb.append("--"); // ////////必须多两道线
        sb.append(BOUNDARY);
        sb.append("\r\n");
        sb.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\"file\";filename=\""
            + file.getName() + "\"\r\n");
        sb.append("Content-Type:application/octet-stream\r\n\r\n");
        byte[] head = sb.toString().getBytes("utf-8");
        // 获得输出流
        OutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
        out.write(head);
        // 文件正文部分
        DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
        int bytes = 0;
        byte[] bufferOut = new byte[1024];
        while ((bytes = in.read(bufferOut)) != -1) {
          out.write(bufferOut, 0, bytes);
        }
        in.close();
        // 结尾部分
        byte[] foot = ("\r\n--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n").getBytes("utf-8");// 定义最后数据分隔线
        out.write(foot);
        out.flush();
        out.close();
        /**
         * 读取服务器响应，必须读取,否则提交不成功
         */
         try {
         // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
         StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
         BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
         conn.getInputStream()));
         String line = null;
         while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
          buffer.append(line);
         }
          
         reader.close();
         conn.disconnect();
          
         return JSONObject.fromObject(buffer.toString());
         } catch (Exception e) {
         log.error("发送POST请求出现异常！" + e);
         e.printStackTrace();
         }
     return null;
     }
     public static final String download_media_url = "http://file.api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/get?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&media_id=MEDIA_ID";
     /**
     * 从微信服务器下载多媒体文件
     *
     * @author qincd
     * @date Nov 6, 2014 4:32:12 PM
     */
     public static String downloadMediaFromWx(String accessToken,String mediaId,String fileSavePath) throws IOException {
     if (StringUtils.isEmpty(accessToken) || StringUtils.isEmpty(mediaId)) return null;
     String requestUrl = download_media_url.replace("ACCESS_TOKEN", accessToken).replace("MEDIA_ID", mediaId);
     URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
     HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
     conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
     conn.setDoInput(true);
     conn.setDoOutput(true);
     InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
     File dir = new File(fileSavePath);
     if (!dir.exists()) {
      dir.mkdirs();
     }
     if (!fileSavePath.endsWith("/")) {
      fileSavePath += "/";
     }
     String ContentDisposition = conn.getHeaderField("Content-disposition");
     String weixinServerFileName = ContentDisposition.substring(ContentDisposition.indexOf("filename")+10, ContentDisposition.length() -1);
     fileSavePath += weixinServerFileName; 
     BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(fileSavePath));
     byte[] data = new byte[1024];
     int len = -1;
     while ((len = in.read(data)) != -1) {
      bos.write(data,0,len);
     }
     bos.close();
     in.close();
     conn.disconnect();
     return fileSavePath;
     }
    }
    测试代码：
    public class WeixinUtilTest {
     /**
     *
     * @author qincd
     * @date Nov 6, 2014 9:57:54 AM
     */
     public static void main(String[] args) {
     // 1).获取access_token
     AccessToken accessToken = WeixinUtil.getAccessToken(WeixinUtil.APPID, WeixinUtil.APP_SECRET);
     String filePath = "C:\\Users\\qince\\Pictures\\壁纸20141029091612.jpg";
     JSONObject uploadJsonObj = testUploadMedia(filePath,"image",accessToken.getToken());
     if (uploadJsonObj == null) {
      System.out.println("上传图片失败");
      return;
     }
     int errcode = 0;
     if (uploadJsonObj.containsKey("errcode")) {
      errcode = uploadJsonObj.getInt("errcode");
     }
     if (errcode == 0) {
      System.out.println("图片上传成功");
      String mediaId = uploadJsonObj.getString("media_id");
      long createAt = uploadJsonObj.getLong("created_at");
      System.out.println("--Details:");
      System.out.println("media_id:" + mediaId);
      System.out.println("created_at:" + createAt);
     }
     else {
      System.out.println("图片上传失败！");
      String errmsg = uploadJsonObj.getString("errmsg");
      System.out.println("--Details:");
      System.out.println("errcode:" + errcode);
      System.out.println("errmsg:" + errmsg);
     }
     String mediaId = "6W-UvSrQ2hkdSdVQJJXShwtFDPLfbGI1qnbNFy8weZyb9Jac2xxxcAUwt8p4sYPH";
     String filepath = testDownloadMedia(accessToken.getToken(), mediaId, "d:/test");
     System.out.println(filepath);
     }
     /**
     * 上传多媒体文件到微信
     *
     * @author qincd
     * @date Nov 6, 2014 4:15:14 PM
     */
     public static JSONObject testUploadMedia(String filePath,String type,String accessToken) {
     try {
      return WeixinUtil.uploadMediaToWX(filePath, type, accessToken);
     } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
     }
     return null;
     }
     /**
     * 从微信下载多媒体文件
     *
     * @author qincd
     * @date Nov 6, 2014 4:56:25 PM
     */
     public static String testDownloadMedia(String accessToken,String mediaId,String fileSaveDir) {
     try {
      return WeixinUtil.downloadMediaFromWx(accessToken, mediaId, fileSaveDir);
     } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
     }
     return null;
     }
    }
    以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助
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更新时间：2025/5/17 6:12:37