| 标题 | Python中使用Tkinter模块创建GUI程序实例 |
| 内容 | 使用Tkinter模块来创建简单的GUI程序。 Tkinter的Widgets有：Button、Canvas、Checkbutton、Entry、Frame、Label、Listbox、Menu、Menubutton、Message、Radiobutton、Scales、Scrollbar、TEXT、Toplevel等。 例： 代码如下: # This program displays an empty window. import Tkinter def main(): main_window = Tkinter.Tk() Tkinter.mainloop() main() 例2： 代码如下: import Tkinter class MyGUI: def __init__(self): # Create the main window widget. self.main_window = Tkinter.Tk() # Enter the Tkinter main loop. Tkinter.mainloop() # Create an instance of the MyGUI class. my_gui = MyGUI() 例3： 代码如下: # The program displays a label with text. import Tkinter class MyGUI: def __init__(self): self.main_window = Tkinter.Tk() # Create a Label widget containing the text 'Hello world' self.label = Tkinter.Label(self.main_window, text='Hello World!') # Call the Label widget's pack method. self.label.pack() # Enter the Tkinter main loop. Tkinter.mainloop() # Create an instance of the MyGUI class. my_gui = MyGUI() 例4： 代码如下: import Tkinter class MyGUI: def __init__(self): self.main_window = Tkinter.Tk() self.label1 = Tkinter.Label(self.main_window,text='Hello World!') self.label2 = Tkinter.Label(self.main_window,text='This is my GUI program.') self.label1.pack() self.label2.pack() Tkinter.mainloop() mygui = MyGUI() 例5： 代码如下: import Tkinter class MyGUI: def __init__(self): self.main_window = Tkinter.Tk() self.label1 = Tkinter.Label(self.main_window,text='Hello World!') self.label2 = Tkinter.Label(self.main_window,text='This is my GUI program.') self.label1.pack(side='left') self.label2.pack(side='left') Tkinter.mainloop() mygui = MyGUI() 例6： 代码如下: import Tkinter class MyGUI: def __init__(self): self.main_window = Tkinter.Tk() self.top_frame = Tkinter.Frame(self.main_window) self.bottom_frame = Tkinter.Frame(self.main_window) self.label1 = Tkinter.Label(self.top_frame,text='Winken') self.label2 = Tkinter.Label(self.top_frame,text='Blinken') self.label3 = Tkinter.Label(self.top_frame,text='Nod') self.label1.pack(side='top') self.label2.pack(side='top') self.label3.pack(side='top') self.label4 = Tkinter.Label(self.bottom_frame,text='Winken') self.label5 = Tkinter.Label(self.bottom_frame,text='Blinken') self.label6 = Tkinter.Label(self.bottom_frame,text='Nod') self.label4.pack(side='left') self.label5.pack(side='left') self.label6.pack(side='left') self.top_frame.pack() self.bottom_frame.pack() Tkinter.mainloop() mygui = MyGUI() 按钮Widget和信息对话框 使用tkMessageBox模块的showinfo函数来显示信息对话框。 例： 代码如下: # the program demonstrates a Button widget. # when the user clicks the button, an info dialog box is displayed. import Tkinter import tkMessageBox class MyGUI: def __init__(self): self.main_window = Tkinter.Tk() self.my_button = Tkinter.Button(self.main_window, text='Click me!',command=self.do_something) self.my_button.pack() Tkinter.mainloop() def do_something(self): tkMessageBox.showinfo('Response','Thanks for clicking the button.') mygui = MyGUI() 例2： 代码如下: import Tkinter import tkMessageBox class MyGUI: def __init__(self): self.main_window = Tkinter.Tk() self.my_button = Tkinter.Button(self.main_window, text='Click me!',command=self.do_something) self.quit_button = Tkinter.Button(self.main_window,text='Quit',command=self.main_window.quit) self.my_button.pack() self.quit_button.pack() Tkinter.mainloop() def do_something(self): tkMessageBox.showinfo('Response','Thanks for clicking the button.') mygui = MyGUI() 用Entry Widget得到输入 Entry Widget是一个矩形区域，用户可输入其中。可使用Entry Widget的get方法取回输入的数据。 例： 代码如下: import Tkinter import tkMessageBox class KiloGUI: def __init__(self): self.main_window = Tkinter.Tk() self.top_frame = Tkinter.Frame(self.main_window) self.bottom_frame = Tkinter.Frame(self.main_window) self.label = Tkinter.Label(self.top_frame,text='Enter a distance in kilometers:') self.entry = Tkinter.Entry(self.top_frame,width=10) self.button1 = Tkinter.Button(self.bottom_frame,text='Convert',command=self.convert) self.button2 = Tkinter.Button(self.bottom_frame,text='Quit',command=self.main_window.quit) self.label.pack(side='left') self.entry.pack(side='left') self.button1.pack(side='left') self.button2.pack(side='left') self.top_frame.pack() self.bottom_frame.pack() Tkinter.mainloop() def convert(self): kilo = float(self.entry.get()) miles = kilo*0.6214 tkMessageBox.showinfo('Result',str(kilo)+' kilometers is equal to '+str(miles)+' miles.') mygui = KiloGUI() 例2： 代码如下: import Tkinter import tkMessageBox class KiloGUI: def __init__(self): self.main_window = Tkinter.Tk() self.top_frame = Tkinter.Frame(self.main_window) self.mid_frame = Tkinter.Frame(self.main_window) self.bottom_frame = Tkinter.Frame(self.main_window) self.label1 = Tkinter.Label(self.top_frame,text='Enter a distance in kilometers:') self.entry = Tkinter.Entry(self.top_frame,width=10) self.button1 = Tkinter.Button(self.bottom_frame,text='Convert',command=self.convert) self.button2 = Tkinter.Button(self.bottom_frame,text='Quit',command=self.main_window.quit) self.label2 = Tkinter.Label(self.mid_frame,text='Converted to miles:') self.value = Tkinter.StringVar() self.label3 = Tkinter.Label(self.mid_frame,textvariable=self.value) self.label1.pack(side='left') self.entry.pack(side='left') self.button1.pack(side='left') self.button2.pack(side='left') self.label2.pack(side='left') self.label3.pack(side='left') self.top_frame.pack() self.mid_frame.pack() self.bottom_frame.pack() Tkinter.mainloop() def convert(self): kilo = float(self.entry.get()) miles = kilo*0.6214 self.value.set(miles) mygui = KiloGUI() Radio按钮和Check按钮 例： 代码如下: import Tkinter import tkMessageBox class MyGUI: def __init__(self): self.main_window = Tkinter.Tk() self.top_frame = Tkinter.Frame(self.main_window) self.bottom_frame = Tkinter.Frame(self.main_window) self.radio_var = Tkinter.IntVar() self.radio_var.set(1) self.rb1 = Tkinter.Radiobutton(self.top_frame,text='Option 1',variable=self.radio_var,value=1) self.rb2 = Tkinter.Radiobutton(self.top_frame,text='Option 2',variable=self.radio_var,value=2) self.rb3 = Tkinter.Radiobutton(self.top_frame,text='Option 3',variable=self.radio_var,value=3) self.rb1.pack() self.rb2.pack() self.rb3.pack() self.ok_button = Tkinter.Button(self.bottom_frame,text='OK',command=self.show_choice) self.quit_button = Tkinter.Button(self.bottom_frame,text='QUIT',command=self.main_window.quit) self.ok_button.pack(side='left') self.quit_button.pack(side='left') self.top_frame.pack() self.bottom_frame.pack() Tkinter.mainloop() def show_choice(self): tkMessageBox.showinfo('Selection','You selected optioin '+str(self.radio_var.get())) mygui = MyGUI() |
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