英文语法难题的应对技巧:英语语法公式


    英语语法相比于背单词更注重规律,但是难度也更高。小编在这里整理了相关知识,快来学习学习吧!
    英文语法难题的应对技巧:英语语法公式
    公式1
    先行词+介词+关系代词+定语从句
    ● The house in which I used to live has becomea garden.我过去住的房子已经变成了一个花园。
    公式2
    先行词,+which/who/whom/whose/when/where+定语从句非限制性
    定语从句用逗号与主句分开,that不能引导非限制性定语从句,who一般不能替代whom。
    ● Between the two parts of the concert is aninterval, when the audience can buy ice-cream.音乐会的两部分中间有间歇,这时候,观众可以去买冰激凌。
    公式3
    (先行词,+)as引导的定语从句
    ● He made a long speech, as we expected.正如我们所预料的一样,他的演讲很长。
    公式4
    时间状语从句: 主句+when/while/as引导的时间状语从句
    when/while/as意为“当……时候”。
    ● Mary made coffee while her guests werefinishing their meal.客人们快吃完饭的时候,玛丽煮了咖啡。
    公式5
    时间状语从句: 主句+as soonas/directly/immediately等引导的时间状语从句
    引导词意为“一……就……”。
    ● I recognized her immediately I saw her.我一见到她,就认出了她。
    公式6
    时间状语从句: 主句+before/after引导的时间状语从句
    ● I went to bed after I finished my homework.做完作业后,我就上床睡觉了。
    公式7
    时间状语从句: 主句+since引导的时间状语从句
    ● Mary has been in Shanghai since she left Beijing.玛丽自从离开北京后就一直在上海。
    公式8
    时间状语从句: 主句+till/until引导的时间状语从句
    ● I will stay here until you come back.我会一直待在这里直到你回来。
    公式9
    原因状语从句:主句+because/as/since引导的原因状语从句
    ● As all the seats were full, he had to standup.由于所有的位子都满了,他只好站着。
    because, since, as的区别
    公式10
    地点状语从句:主句+where/wherever引导的地点状语从句
    ● You cango wherever you like these days.这些天你可以去你想去的地方。
    公式11
    让步状语从句:疑问词-ever引导的让步状语从句
    ● To show our respect, we usually have to takeour gloves off whoever we are to shake hands with.为了表示我们的尊重,不论要跟谁握手,我们通常都要摘掉手套。
    公式12
    引导让步状语从句时,疑问词-ever可与“no matter+疑问词”互换。
    ● Wherever/No matter where you go, I will bewith you.无论你去哪儿,我都和你一起。
    公式13
    让步状语从句:主句+(al)though/as/while/eventhough/even if引导的让步状语从句
    ● Tim is in good shape physically even thoughhe doesn’t get much exercise.即使不做太多锻炼,蒂姆还是保持了很好的体形。
    公式14
    条件状语从句:主句+if/unless/aslong as引导的条件状语从句
    ● Let’s go out for awalk unless you are too tired.如果你不是太累的话,我们出去散一会步吧。
    公式15
    条件状语从句:主句+so/such...+that+结果状语从句
    ● He worked so hard that he got ill.他工作那么努力,结果病倒了。
    公式16
    目的状语从句:主句+so that/inorder that/in case引导的目的状语从句
    ● I’ll run slowly so that you can catch up withme.为了能让你赶上我,我会慢慢跑。
    公式17
    比较状语从句:主句+than引导的比较状语从句
    ● The weather was worse than I had expected.天气比我预料的还要糟。
    公式18
    比较状语从句:主句+as引导的比较状语从句
    ● French is as familiar to him as English.他对法语就像对英语一样熟悉。
    公式19
    方式状语从句:主句+as引导的方式状语从句
    as if/as though引导的方式状语从句
    ● You ought to do as Paul tells you.你应该按照保罗吩咐你的去做。
    公式20
    当as if引导的方式状语从句表示与事实相反的情况时,从句常用虚拟语气。
    ● She closed her eyes as though she was verytired.她闭上了眼睛,好像是很累了。
    公式21
    虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法:
    If...did/were..., 主语+would/should/could/mightdo...表示与现在事实相反的假设。
    从句用一般过去时,主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。
    ● If you were the manager, we would not be sotired.如果你是经理,我们就不会这么累了。
    公式22
    If...had done...,主语+would/should/could/mighthave done...表示与过去事实相反的假设。
    从句用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+have+过去分词”。
    ● If we had taken the other road, we might havearrived here in time for the meeting.如果我们走了另一条路的话,或许就能及时赶到这里开会了。(陕西)
    公式23
    If...did/were todo/should do...,主语+would/should/could/might do...表示与将来事实相反的假设。
    从句谓语动词用过去式、“should+动词原形”或“wereto+动词原形”,主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。
    ● If it were fine tomorrow, I would goshopping.如果明天天气好,我就去购物。
    公式24
    If...had done..., 主语+would do...
    ● If he had set out earlier, he would be homenow.如果他早点出发的话,他现在就已经到家了。
    公式25
    If...should do..., 主语+would have done...
    ● If she shouldleave, I would have heard about it.如果她要走,我早就应该听说了。
    公式26
    Should/Were/Had+(从句)主语+谓语
    主句if引导的虚拟条件句的谓语动词中含有should, were, had时,可将if省略,而将should, were, had提前,构成倒装。、
    ● Were I you(=If I were you), I would go.如果我是你,我就去。
    公式27
    With/Without/Butfor+名词,主语+虚拟语气形式的谓语...
    句子的虚拟条件是通过词或短语如with, without, otherwise, but for等来表示的。
    ● Without the greenhouse effect, the earthwould be about thirty?three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.如果没有温室效应,地球的温度将比现在的温度低大约33摄氏度。
    公式28
    主句+as if+(从句)主语+did/had done...as if引导的从句
    常用虚拟语气,用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的情况;用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的情况。
    ● She acted as if she had been the hostessyesterday.她昨天表现得就好像她是女主人似的。
    公式29
    主句+so that+(从句)主语+should/could/might do...
    so that意为“为了”,它引导的从句表示目的。
    ● He took a taxi to the station so that heshould not miss the train.为了不错过火车,他乘出租车去火车站。
    公式30
    主句+lest+从句(主语+(should) do...)
    lest意为“唯恐”,它引导的从句表示目的。
    ● They spoke in whispers lest they (should) be heard.他们低声说话,唯恐被别人听见。
    公式31
    ...wish (that)+主语+did/had done/would do...
    wish后的宾语从句用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反;用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反;用过去将来时表示与将来事实相反。
    ● I wish it were autumn in Beijing all the year around.我希望北京全年都是秋天。
    公式32
    ...suggest/recommend/insist等+(that)+主语+(should)do...
    ● I suggest that we (should) set off at once.我建议我们立刻出发。
    公式33
    ...would rather+主语+did/had done...
    would rather后的从句用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反,用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。
    ● I would rather you hadn’t told him.我宁愿你没有告诉他。
    公式34
    It is+形容词/名词/过去分词+that+主语+(should)do...
    ● It is strange that the girl (should) be sorude.那个女孩那么无礼,这真奇怪。
    公式35
    ...suggestion/advice/demand等+that+主语(+should)do...
    在表示“建议”、“命令”、“要求”等的名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中用虚拟语气。
    ● My suggestion is that we (should) get startedsoon.我的建议是我们应该尽快出发。
    公式36
    It is (high/about)time that+主语+did/should do...
    ● It is high time that you went to school.早就到了你该去上学的时间了。
    公式37
    if only+主语+did/had done...
    用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反,用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。
    ● If only I had another chance.要是我再有一次机会就好了。
    公式38
    不可数名词/单数可数名词+单数谓语
    ● Still water runs deep.静水流深。
    公式39
    动名词/不定式/主语从句+单数谓语
    ● Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。
    英语词汇分类记忆
    科技教育
    

    clone
    

    克隆
    

    development
    

    发展
    

    download
    

    下载(计算机用语)
    

    education
    

    教育
    

    experiment
    

    实验
    

    invention
    

    发明物
    

    influence
    

    影响
    

    information
    

    信息,通知,消息
    

    machine
    

    机器
    

    message
    

    消息;信息
    

    robot
    

    机器人
    

    technology
    

    科学技术
    

    服装
    

    clothes
    

    衣服,各种衣物
    

    coat
    

    外套
    

    dress
    

    女服,连衣裙
    

    jacket
    

    短上衣,夹克衫
    

    jeans
    

    牛仔裤
    

    overcoat
    

    大衣
    

    raincoat
    

    雨衣
    

    shirt
    

    男衬衫
    

    shorts
    

    (户外活动)短裤
    

    skirt
    

    女裙
    

    sock
    

    短袜
    

    sweater
    

    毛线衣,厚运动衫
    

    T-shirt
    

    T恤衫
    

    trousers
    

    裤子
    

    英文语法难题的应对技巧:英语语法公式